All Contracts Are Agreements but Not All Agreements Free Essays

Leader Approach A Person Or Organization †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Leader Approach A Person Or Organization? Answer: Introducation Administration alludes to the methodology of an individual or association to lead or guide the others. The procedure includes attributes qualities under which are proficient to dissect an unmistakable vision and work as per that to pick up accomplishment in the market. further, it tends to be said that a genuine pioneer is an individual who knows the way which they needs to follow; make remedial move intend to follow that objective and afterward in this way lead their subordinates also in that way of achievement. As indicated by John C. Max initiative procedure includes three qualities for example knowing, proceeding to appear. The article will give a review of the three significant parts of authority (knowing, going, and appearing) as far as authoritative, social and individual learning. The association learning hypothesis as for administration gives a connection between the two parts of association which are transformational initiative and association advancement. The hypothesis is prompts advancement in an association with the guide of transformational administration (Jones, Jones, 2010). It is the obligation of a pioneer to apply exercises in a proficient way to satisfy the goal of the association. Further the hypothesis expresses the connection between hierarchical learning and transformational administration. Such pioneers are the individuals who give exceptional impact to individuals which make them to decidedly change their viewpoint towards various situations. A pioneer consistently centers around usage of procedure which starts development and lead them to stand apart of the case. Hence, it very well may be said that a pioneer consistently lays positive effect on the advancement procedure of the association. Anyway according to my viewpoint an individual can't take others with them on a street which is obscure to them. Right off the bat the pioneer has to know where they are happy to take their subordinates with them. A pioneer will have sufficient information on the way which they are going to lead. Without knowing the reality where the individual needs to go, the procedure coming to the goal can never get conceivable (Argote, Miron-Spektor, 2011). Along these lines, to summarize with the above proclamations it will be presumed that so as to arrive at the objective a pioneer will have sufficient information on the way which they will follow. In a hierarchical structure the workers will hindsight the way which the pioneer is requesting that they follow. All things considered the pioneer must be able enough to illuminates the inquiries of the workers and start them to follow the way chose by the pioneer. In agreement to the cultural standards a pioneer will consistently care for the devel opment and benefit of the general public on an entire, they will not work for their own benefits. Consequently, to will be noticed that the characteristics of a pioneer are bit by bit started in a person with time; such attributes help them in making a recognized situation in the market (Argote, 2012). For example, in an association, the supervisor assigned on the situation of a pioneer looks into on another promoting plan which can start development of the organization however for that the workers of the organization need to forfeit their offers apportioned them. The workers can readily give up their offers yet for that they have to have consistent trust on the exercises of their pioneer. For this situation they will likewise scrutinize the pioneer about future exercises and negative results also, the pioneer need to pick up the trust of their representatives then just they will consent to follow the pioneer and the pioneer will be known as a pioneer on the grounds that a pioneer who can't persuade their workers for their choice is certainly not a decent pioneer (Easterby-Smith, Lyles, 2011). Further moving towards another part of authority which a pioneer will achieve is that the pioneer will follow himself the way first which they need their group to follow. This progression is required for a pioneer to follow supposing that the pioneer won't follow the way which they need their group to lead then they wont have the option to tackle the issues looked by the group. It would get simpler for the pioneer in the event that they would have themselves followed the way, confronted difficulties and settled them all alone. Additionally the group would not totally bolster their pioneer if theyll see that the pioneer is just educating the group not including in the exercises (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo, Gutirrez-Gutirrez, 2012). Hence, it will be the obligation of the pioneer to similarly bolster the group and work with them in a similar domain wherein the group does. As indicated by the speculations of authoritative learning, the pioneer will never exploit their assignment by making the group to endure and themselves resting in reasonable condition. Rather a pioneer ought to be one would finds the ways, and follows the way, search for deviations and beat them. At that point just they will get able to be viewed as a pioneer. Further talking a case of the accompanying viewpoint it will be noticed that a pioneer in the public arena, is the person who leads individuals for the improvement of the entire network (Kurland, Peretz, Hertz-Lazarowitz, 2010). What's more, if the pioneer isn't themselves following the way yet making their group to adhere to the guidelines gave by them so the pioneer will accomplish benefits. All things considered, an individual redistributing their work to their group and increasing individual advantages out of it can't be viewed as a pioneer. Additionally this progression during the time spent initiative is the most underestimated step. It is commonly expected that during the time spent heading off to the way, it is the obligation of a pioneer to advise its subordinates where to reach and by what way (Noruzy, et. al., 2013). Nonetheless, this will show that they are not ready to accomplish the work which they are requesting that others execute. The best character quality of a genu ine is that they will right off the bat execute the exercises on them and afterward the group to follow their way. The learning recommends that if a pioneer will accept the group to be their subordinates and they will work as per the directions of the pioneer, at that point it is their misinterpretation; a pioneer will treat each individual similarly and will deal with the desires for the colleagues from them (Burgoyne, 2012). The third and last phase of administration is the way toward demonstrating the way of progress to the partners. So as to accomplish hierarchical accomplishments, a pioneer will right off the bat have ideal information about the objective and the abilities of the group, at that point the pioneer will themselves distinguish the way prompting achievement and follow the, and in conclusion a pioneer will ensure that their partners likewise acceptably follow the way and addition singular advantages also. Expecting myself in the spot of an authoritative pioneer, before training my colleagues to follow the way, I would assess the difficulties which one can confront. This will assist me with providing brisk arrangement the mates in the event that in the event that they stall out in any circumstance. Alongside demonstrating the way, the pioneer will likewise figure out how to keep the enthusiasm of each colleague lied in the exercises of the business just, further the pioneer will likewise not power the individuals to work who are not ready to perform rather they will persuade them to concentrate on their work (Schein, 2010). The statement given by John C. Maxwell enough proposes that the quality characteristics that a pioneer will have so as to lead the method of accomplishment (Northouse, 2015). Moreover a pioneer is required in all parts of life for example in an association, or in a general public or hotel genuine circumstances. A pioneer should be innovative enough to discover their approach to progress. Additionally they will consider satisfying individual advantages of the group by accomplishing the authoritative goal (Selznick, 2011). As for hierarchical learning, there are hardly any guidelines which will be trailed by pioneer for the achievement of the group, a pioneer will never deliberately utilize their group for individual increases, they will not conceal reality from their group and furthermore they will not dupe their colleagues by driving them to a degenerate way. Alongside the job of pioneer such factors will likewise be remembered by a decent pioneer (Raelin, 2011). As per my perspectives a pioneer is an individual will lead the group to make progress regardless of the conditions, it isn't required for them to be a hierarchical pioneer or social or political pioneer. A pioneer is individual whom the group trusts and accepts that the way which they will give is true and will give positive outcomes. Subsequently, in the spotlight of above explanations it will be noticed that a decent pioneer is an individual who knows the way, goes the way and shows the way. A pioneer is an individual from the group just who is sufficiently proficient to spur the group to follow their way and addition achievement. Likewise, extraordinary hierarchical learning has been framed to help the exercises of a decent pioneer. References Argote, L. (2012). Hierarchical getting the hang of: Creating, holding and moving information. Springer Science Business Media. Argote, L., Miron-Spektor, E. (2011). Hierarchical learning: From experience to information. Association science, 22(5), 1123-1137. Burgoyne, J. (2012). The board learning. In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning (pp. 2090-2092). Springer US. Easterby-Smith, M., Lyles, M. A. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of authoritative learning and information the board. John Wiley Sons. Garca-Morales, V. J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M. M., Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L. (2012). Transformational initiative effect on hierarchical execution through authoritative learning and development. Diary of business explore, 65(7), 1040-1050. Jones, G. R., Jones, G. R. (2010). Authoritative hypothesis, structure, and change. Kurland, H., Peretz, H., Hertz-Lazarowitz, R. (2010). Initiative style and hierarchical learning: The intercede impact of school vision. Diary of Educational Administration, 48(1), 7-30. Northou

Book Riots Deals of the Day for July 14th, 2017

Book Riots Deals of the Day for July 14th, 2017 Book Riot Deals is sponsored today by Where Dead Men Meet  By Mark Mills: Todays Featured Deals Too Like the Lightning by Ada Palmer for $2.99. Get it here or just click the cover image below: Ayiti by Roxane Gay for $1.99. Get it here or just click the cover image below: In Case You Missed Yesterdays Most Popular Deal: The Complete Stories by Clarice Lispector for $1.99. Get it here or just click the cover image below: Previous daily deals that are still active (as of this writing at least). Get em while theyre hot. Mothers Sons by Colm Toibin for $1.99. The Birthday of the World and Other Stories by Ursula K. Le Guin for $1.99. Galileos Daughter by Dava Sobel for $1.99. Brown Girl, Dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson for $1.99. An Edible History of Humanity by Tom Standage for $1.99. Tell the Wolves Im Home by Carol Rifka Brunt for $1.99. Zen in the Art of Writing by Ray Bradbury for $1.99. After Henry by Joan Didion for $1.13. The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller for $1.99. The Toughest Indian in the World by Sherman Alexie for $1.99. The Last Samurai  by Helen DeWitt for $1.99. The Last Policeman  by Ben H. Winters for $1.99. Notes of a Native Son  by James Baldwin for $1.99. Labyrinths  by Jose Luis Borges for $1.99. All the Birds in the Sky  by Charlie Jane Anders for $2.99. A Study in Scarlet Women  by Sherry Thomas for $1.99.. The Inexplicable Logic of My Life  by Benjamin Alire Sáenz for $2.99. We, The Drowned  by Carsten Jenson for $2.99 Big Fish  by Daniel Wallace for $1.99. The Terracotta Bride  by Zen Cho for $1.40. The Geek Feminist Revolution  by Kameron Hurley for $2.99. The Girl at Midnight  by Melissa Grey for $1.99. Cloudsplitter  by Russell Banks for $1.99. Queenpin  by Megan Abbott for $0.99. The Good Lord Bird  by James McBride for $4.99. The Comet Seekers by Helen Sedgwick for $2.99 Frog Music by Emma Donoghue for $1.99 Bitch Planet, Vol 1 for $3.99. Monstress, Vol 1 by Liu Takeda for $3.99 Paper Girls, Vol 1. by Vaughn, Chiang, Wilson for $3.99. Labyrinth Lost by Zoraida Cordova for $1.99 The Wicked + The Divine Volume 1  for $3.99 The Inheritance Trilogy by N.K. Jemisin for $9.99 The Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith for $0.99 We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie for $2.99 Sign up for our Book Deals newsletter and get up to 80% off books you actually want to read.

African Americans Many Rivers - 1734 Words

The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross, is a six-part Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) television series that chronicles the African-American experience beginning with the origins of the transatlantic slave trade, journeying to the inauguration of the first African-American president. It recounts the African American history, exploring the African-American people, including the diversity of cultural institutions, political strategies, and the religious and social perspectives they have developed- establishing their own culture, history, and society all while traveling a journey of unimaginable odds. In addition, this series travels through 5 centuries of historical events and struggles, ending with the present- detailing the strides African Americans made towards resiliency, a sense of community, social connections, social networks, social support, and connections of faith. Keywords: series, African-Americans, history, diversity, cultural, social, historical, resiliency The African American Journey to Cross Many Rivers The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross details more than just black history, it explores black identity and what it truly means to be an African American in the United States today. This documentary unveils the different religious and social perspectives, as well as the evolution of the African American people. Anyone watching the documentary, The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross, is taken on a journey on the black experience-Show MoreRelated The Use of Symbols in Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers570 Words   |  3 PagesThe Negro Speaks of Rivers The poem ?The Negro Speaks of Rivers? by Langston Hughes contains many symbolic meanings about the identity of African Americans. Throughout the poem Hughes uses metaphorical statements to suggest to the reader what the soul of the African American has been through. The symbols of the old rivers from which the African American ideal has risen can be interpreted in many different ways. They represent the birth and growth of the African American culture, and some ofRead More Symbolic Imagery in Langston Hughes Poems, The Negro Speaks of Rivers and Mother To Son1651 Words   |  7 PagesNegro Speaks of Rivers and Mother To Son Langston Hughes uses symbolism throughout his poetry. In the poems The Negro Speaks of Rivers and Mother To Son, Langston Hughes uses symbolism to convey his meaning of the poems to the readers. Readers may make many interpretations about the symbols used throughout these poems. Throughout the poem The Negro Speaks of Rivers Hughes uses metaphorical statements to suggest to the reader what the soul of the African American has been throughRead MoreTheme of Sacrifice Leading to Transformation Illustrated in Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers and The Secret of the Sea889 Words   |  4 Pagesthe secrets to the world, with sweat and tears of Sailor, Africans and African-Americans who are unrecognized. It shows the connection to the dawn of civilization. They are the ones who are unrepresented. For African and African-Americans lake possibly associated with slavery; while for sailors it might be an opportunity to develop themselves. While â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers,â⠂¬  connects the spirit and history of the African/African-American community, and the poem, â€Å"The Secret of the Sea,† expressesRead MoreAn Analysis of The Negro Speaks of Rivers Essay952 Words   |  4 Pagesmore African Americans into the north of the United States, the national literature, arts and music movement developed into something, until then, completely new and literary modernism spread further (Perkins and Perkins 212). The 1920s were a time of immense change, with women becoming eligible to vote, alcoholic beverages become prohibited to sell, and later on the crash of the stock market (Perkins and Perkins). With modernism and the invention of new things like the television, Americans had moreRead More Sound and Sense in Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers 1431 Words   |  6 PagesSound and Sense in Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers    The text of the poem can be found at the bottom of this page.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Langston Hughes poem The Negro Speaks of Rivers, Hughes makes use of some interesting poetic techniques. This poem is written in free verse, and seems, at first glance, to be very unstructured. Hughes repeats words and lines, but does not make use of repeated sounds. Hughes rivers are very rich in symbolism, and are not just simple bodies of waterRead MoreSymbolism in The Negro Speaks of Rivers by Langston Hughes1074 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers† by Langston Hughes Symbolism embodies Hughes’ literary poem through his use of the river as a timeless symbol. A river can be portrayed by many as an everlasting symbol of perpetual and continual change and of the constancy of time and of life itself. People have equated rivers to the aspects of life - time, love, death, and every other indescribable quality which evokes human life. This analogy is because a river exemplifies characteristics that can beRead MoreAnalysis of Langston Hughes ´ The Negro Speaks of Rivers927 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes A Poetic of the Harlem Renaissance During the Harlem Renaissance copious African Americans writers arose from this movement including Claude McKay, Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen, and especially Langston Hughes. Langston Hughes has endured hardships from the time his parents separated to being raised in different cities. Hughes has tried multiple times to reconnect with his father, but it never succeeded. Although Langston Hughes has a complicated relationship with his fatherRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s The Negros Speaks Of Rivers 896 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes was born to an African American woman and a bi-racial man, who had later abandoned them and settled in Mexico to become a lawyer. His grandmother raised him in Joplin, Missouri, while his mother worked long hours at multiple jobs to earn a living. Later on, his mother remarried and moved them to Cleveland, Ohio, were Hughes went to high school and was an excellent student. During this time, Hughes began to elaborate on the stories of African American life in the south that his grandmotherRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes And His Harlem Dream1639 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes and His Harlem Dream The 1900s found many African Americans migrating from the south to north of the United States in an event called the Great Migration. Many Southern African-Americans migrated to a place called Harlem and this is where the Harlem renaissance originated from. The Harlem renaissance began just after the first world war and lasted into the early years of the great depression. Harlem became the cynosure for blues and jazz and birthed forth a Negro Artist era calledRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes And His Views On Early 20th Century African American Society Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages20th-Century African American Society When African American slaves were released from slavery following the American Civil War, the ethnic group was now able to control their own lives, and the U.S had to acknowledge their freedoms and rights as American citizens. However, despite bold beliefs from the war, many white Americans still continued to deny equality to those of color. In addition, African Americans had not expressed their true potential as a cultural and ethnic group. Many years of growing

National Sports Day in Qatar - Extent to Which the Event Is Attended, Research Proposal

Essays on National Sports Day in Qatar - Extent to Which the Event Is Attended, the Interests, Likes, and Dislikes of Participants Research Proposal The paper â€Å"National Sports Day in Qatar - Extent to Which the Event Is Attended, the Interests, Likes, and Dislikes of Participants† is an  intriguing version research proposal on marketing. The report is about the National sports day in Qatar since Qatar is the sports capital of the world. The report looks into the various ways that the government can undertake to ensure that every Qatari participates and is proud of the National sports day. The report also looks at the various environmental factors affecting the sports day. The Qatar government seeks to be the sports capital and would like more Qatari people involved in sports and fitness. The report also targets to increase the number of people engaged in sports with regard to the ever-increasing population in Qatar. The report also looks at other competitive activities that people engage in other than sports, and their advantages and limitations.The management decision problem is how to increase the level of partici pation in the National sports day programs among young adults between the ages of 19 and 25. The marketing research problem is how to create and increase awareness of the national sports day through aggressive advertising and conducting online surveys in schools and malls among teenagers and gather information concerning youth interests aimed at reaching out to the target audience and increasing the attendance of the sports day.Information to be gathered using primary research:The population of the participants aged between 19 and 25 in the national sports day.The extent to which the national sports day is attended and prioritized by the population.The interests of participation by the population in the event.The likes and dislikes of the sports day by the participants and population in the country.The level or extent of awareness by the population about the event.The level of participation or engagement in the event.The views and opinions of the population regarding the sports day. The frequency of participation by the population of the national sports day.  The method of primary research that I recommend using is Questionnaires. This is because they give the respondent complete freedom of response and permit a greater depth of response (Fowler, 2009). They are also easier to administer and simple to formulate. Also, the respondent’s responses may give an insight into his or her feelings, background, hidden motives, interest and decisions (Zikmund, 2003).The research processAfter identifying the problem, questionnaires are formulated in short; easy and simple words and the objectives to be accomplished are included in the questionnaires.The items and pages in a questionnaire are numbered and brief and clear instruction is included.Information to be obtained from the questionnaire is analyzed and items stated as positively as possible.The layout of the questionnaire is organized in such a way that it is easy to complete.The questionnaire is unbiased an d arranged in a logical order.A sample selection of the population is done and given the questionnaires to fill out in a stipulated time duration.The questionnaires are collected later and an analysis is made to report the findings gathered from the population sample and implement the findings.In most cases, a follow-up letter is sent after a questionnaire has been given out to request the subjects to respond to the questionnaire on a specific deadline date (Saunders, 2003).

Hole in the Wall Free Essays

Hidden treasure in the big city One thing that all people can relate to is the love for wonderful food. You never see people not wanting to share a great dining experience with friends, family, or the world through social websites. In every person you see the excitement of trying new foods and restaurants. We will write a custom essay sample on Hole in the Wall or any similar topic only for you Order Now We have all had that perfect dining experiences that have made an imprint on our lives. Well what I want to share with you is a place that is hidden within the growing metro of Magmata in an unlikely place. This little place is a hole in the wall restaurant allied Baa Not, this little restaurant strives to deliver an authentic Vietnamese experience to their customers in the big city of Magmata. Let me go into the history of Baa Non briefly. As explained by the owner, this restaurant is being managed by two men a Filipino and a Vietnamese, who got all the dishes from his grandmother. Which also became the name since Baa Non meaner grandmother in the father’s side in Vietnamese. Baa Non puts pride that they serve some of the best authentic Vietnamese food in manila. Well enough about the history, let’s get down to business, I know what you all want o hear. Let’s talk about the FOOD. Well in total I tried nine different dishes each with its own individual flavor that stood out from the rest. First off the bat would be the Pooh Boo which is a homemade beef noodle soup with spices and fresh herbs. The broth was tasty without being overpowering that would normally overpower the flavors of the spices and the fresh herbs but this was not the case you could taste every flavor in the dish. The balance of the dish is worth mentioning since you rarely get such good beef noodles which is not overpowering in taste. What also interested e was the fact that in the menu, there was a guide on how to eat the dish. First, you need to squeeze the lime on your pooh then add the bean sprouts and the basil after that, put the chili depending on your taste and finally, add the black bean paste and stir or mix it. We decided to try the two kinds of spring rolls they had to offer, it was Go Con and Chaw Gig and the difference between the two is that Go Con was a fresh spring roll while the Chaw Gig was fried spring roll. Go Con is made of pork, shrimp and vermicelli attractively rolled in rice paper served with their famous meant sauce which I think was a marvelous peanut sauce. It had lots of flavor and also was not to thick a great accompaniment to the Go Con . The Chaw Gig is a mixture of ground pork, shrimp, taro, and black fungus wrapped and deep fried and served with fresh greens and traditional NCO AMA dipping sauce. Between the two spring rolls I have to put my money on the Go Con which was very well balanced and add that with the peanut sauce, you are asking for a recipe for success. We had four main dishes for our meal. We chose all the house-favorites/recommendations. The first of the dish was the Boo Luck Lack stir-fried spiced beef served with fried basil. The beef was cooked medium rare with sesame seeds and the beef had a good flavor and when eaten with the fried basil it blends since the basil was fried the intense flavor was mellowed to allow a good combination with the beef. The owner told us meat could not meet the standards of the owners. The second dish was the Ga Among which is grilled chicken in rich lemongrass marinade. The grilling of the chicken was amazing it was moist but also tasty and the taste of the lemon grass was intense which gave it a nice flavor. The third is had Soon Mongo Xa, pork rabbets flavored with their special lemongrass fusion, pan-fried and served with soy-chili sauce. This dish was a tad plain but I still got the good fusion of flavors but it was not strong enough to compare to the other two dishes I tried earlier. The That Hoe KHz Truing is a sweet-savory dish of pork and egg simmered in coconut Juice this dish I think was a mistake to order. It was very salty and didn’t fit with all the other dishes we ordered. The main course was good overall with three hits and a miss. We had Ban Dan Loon for our dessert. This dessert made everything worthwhile; the dish is eke a mixture of Spain-Spain and stating but with a filling in the middle topped with a coconut cream and sesame seeds. The dish was sweet but not too sweet to make you forget all the other flavors you had during your meal. I think this is one of the highlights of our dining experience. For the drink I had their new Vietnamese Blended Mocha which is not yet in their menu since the owner is still testing it out and is looking for feedback from guest before placing it on their menu. The flavor of the strong coffee and the nice sweetness of the chocolate made the drink a big plus n my books. The drink was balanced and very good since that day was quite hot. Well I guess this has to conclude recount of my visit to Baa Not. I will leave you with this, everyone has good dining experiences but it takes a good combination of service and food to make this experience a memorable one and I must say Baa Non has made an impression of me. I for one am confident to call it a hidden treasure. So why not try it yourself to see if what I wrote is true. I bid thee farewell and hope you had as much fun reading as I had recalling and writing this article. How to cite Hole in the Wall, Papers

Transforming Care at the Bedside free essay sample

This paper explores several published articles following the national program, Transforming care at the Bedside (TCAB), developed by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI); and how it supports the ethical principles of patient autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence in patients, especially amongst the geriatric population. By describing and focusing on three main points of the TCAB, safe and reliable care, patient-centered care, and value-added care and their relative goals and high leverages; this will show how they benefit the nurse’s care at the bedside as well as improving involvement from the patients. This paper examines the use of the TCAB model with several sources supporting the information presented. Transforming Care at the Bedside: Adhering to the Ethical Principles of Patient Autonomy, Beneficence, and Nonmaleficence The Nursing Role As nurses, making decisions on an everyday basis requires the use of ethical principles. Adhering to the American Nurses Association (ANA) code of ethics is a part of our professional duty. We will write a custom essay sample on Transforming Care at the Bedside or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is for this reason, a nurse led initiative, Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) came about to develop and improve patient care. The TCAB was developed by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), to improve care and the experiences on medical surgical units for patients and their family members; as well as improving teamwork, nursing retention and satisfaction (Lavizzo-Mourey amp; Berwick, 2009). The philosophy of TCAB involves all healthcare team leaders, but gives the power to bedside nurses to develop ideas and solutions for change to benefit the patient in accordance to the ANA code of ethics by addressing the patient’s autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. The TCAB model promotes the ANA code of ethics Provision 2, â€Å"the nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group or community† and Provision 3 â€Å"the nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of patient† (American Nurses Association, 2011) in all goals and high leverage changes presented. The four main ideas of TCAB, safe and reliable care, patient-centered care, value-added care, and vitality and teamwork, are all implemented to assist in redesigning patient care and work environments for medical surgical units (Lavizzo-Mourey amp; Berwick, 2009). All four ideas are important to the TCAB framework, but only the first three will be explored to show how TCAB is positively influencing patient autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence with its framework of principles and processes, especially for the geriatric population. In order to discuss the how the TCAB model effects the ethical principles of patient autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence, one must know the definitions of these terms. Patient autonomy, as defined by the ANA (2011), is the patient’s right to make decisions freely and independently regarding their healthcare. In order to further assist patients in making these important decisions, nurses play a vital role in educating them about their concerns regarding their conditions, providing resources, and advocating for the patient when needed. The nurse’s role in patient autonomy is also intertwined with the ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. Beneficence is defined as the actions that promote the well being of others; nonmaleficence is referred to as the â€Å"do no harm† principle (American Nurses Association, 2011). Providing care for patients by promoting their safety, health and well being, is priority for nurses. Applying these ethical principles in every day care assists in providing quality care to all patients, but especially important to the geriatric population due to the declining health and frailty that is increased with age. Safe and reliable care, the first process of TCAB that influences patient beneficence and nonmaleficence, is defined by Rutherford, Moen, amp; Taylor (2009) as â€Å"care for the moderately sick patients who are hospitalized is safe, reliable, effective, and equitable†. In accordance to this theme, the TCAB design team developed goals and changes that would show improved outcomes. One of these â€Å"high-leverage changes† (Rutherford et al, 2009) was preventing patient injuries from falls. Patient falls is one of the high occurrences in patient safety and injury, as well as the leading cause of death of patients 65 and older (Rutherford et al, 2009). By incorporating the TCAB initiative, the pilot hospitals average of patient falls was reduced by fifty-two percent (Rutherford et al. , 2009). One of the ways that patient falls were reduced was by involving the personal care attendants (PCA) in making frequent rounds with patients and asking them if they were comfortable or if they needed anything. By involving the PCA’s in falls prevention, the study showed an average fall rate per one thousand patient days decreased from 6 to 4. 5 (Stefancyk, 2009). One of the main themes between the studies is preventing patient injury during their hospital stay. In doing so, the ethical principle of beneficence and nonmaleficence have been addressed. A second intervention was also implemented in reducing injuries to the elderly client was placing a sensory cart on the unit and to be utilizing it for patients who were experiencing altered metal status (Stefancyk, 2009). Some of these patients would pull at their intravenous lines; attempt to climb out of their beds or chairs, therefore posing a potentially harmful situation for them. The sensory cart held items such as fuzzy balls with tentacles for patients to hold and distract them from pulling at their intravenous lines, and stuffed animals to be placed on their laps when sitting in their chairs to prevent them from getting up and falling (Stefancyk, 2009). By using this sensory cart, patients were distracted from putting themselves in potentially harmful situations like falls; profuse bleeding from intravenous sites, and also reduced the need for restraints. These changes developed by TCAB model improved patient safety in the hospital setting, therefore decreasing patient injury and extended hospital stays, adhering to the ethical principles being discussed. The second theme in the TCAB framework, patient centered care, influences patient autonomy by using its vision described by Rutherford et al (2009) as â€Å"truly patient-centered care on medical and surgical units honors the whole person and family, respects individual values and choices, ensures continuity of care†. Providing patients with information and education, respecting patient preferences by encouraging input on plan of care goals, ensuring comfort with pain management, and addressing their needs, especially with medication administration and care times (Stefancyk, 2009), gives the patient a sense of empowerment, a voice and more involvement in their care, thereby adhering to the definition of patient autonomy. The goals for TCAB with this theme were to decrease readmissions by five percent, and that ninety-five percent of patients were willing to recommend the hospital (Rutherford et al, 2009). The goals for TCAB with this theme were to decrease readmissions by five percent, and that ninety-five percent of patients were willing to recommend the hospital (Rutherford et al, 2009). The assessment of patient satisfaction was based on surveys conducted on the patient’s willingness to recommend the hospital to their family and friends. One of the surveys conducted showed that sixty-six percent of patients selected the highest score available on a four point scale, indicating that they would definitely recommend the hospital (Rutherford et al, 2009). The TCAB goal was set for ninety five percent, so a different survey was conducted using a five point scale, which only ten of the participating pilot sites achieved (Rutherford et al, 2009). Another measure of patient centered care was readmission rates within thirty days of the discharge date. Out of the ten participating pilot sites, only four sites were able to reach this goal (Rutherford, 2009). In a different study conducted by Stefancyk (2009), postponing medication administrations provided nurses more time with direct patient care, such as teaching and education about medications, diagnoses and or conditions. By using data from the hospital’s personal digital assistants (PDA), Stefancyk (2009) was able to determine that direct patient care increased from fifty-two percent to seventy-six percent in just one month. Positive feedback was also given by nursing staff regarding the medication administration changes implemented, such as less stress at shift changes, more time with patients, and developing more information about their patients and conditions. This increased time at the bedside is especially beneficial to the geriatric population in order to discuss questions or concerns in regards to their healthcare and services that they may need upon discharge. These studies helped in making the patient a part of their own health care team, thereby supporting the ethical principle of autonomy, giving the patient the capacity to make informed decisions about their care. The third process, value-added care, also supports the patient’s beneficence. In value-added care, the process is â€Å"All care processes are free of waste and promote continuous flow† (Rutherford et al. 2009). The main goal in this theme is to increase time nurses spend at the bedside and reduce time wasted on activities that have little to do with their patients, such as decreasing redundant charting. According to Rutherford et al. (2009), medical-surgical nurses spend about twenty to thirty percent of their time on direct patient care; the rest of their time is spent on activities such as finding supplies, documentation, and care coordination. A high leverage change in this area is improving medication administration by changing the times they were being ordered for. According to Stefancyk (2009), by coordinating with physicians and pharmacists, medications that were priority would still be given at eight o’clock in the morning and the rest at ten o’clock. In doing so, the nurses can reduce the â€Å"bottleneck† (Stefancyk, 2009) at the beginning of their shift, and give more patient care; thereby reducing the need to get medications quickly after receiving patient report, increasing patient beneficence. In an article by Popkin (2007), it was hypothesized that increasing the time spent at the patient’s bedside by the nurse would decrease fall rates, nosocomial pressure ulcers, and infections. Pressure Ulcers are detrimental to the elderly patient due to declining health that may already be present and decreased healing time (Arora, Johnson, Olsen, Podrazik, Levine, Dubeau, Sachs, amp; Meltzer, 2007). Small changes to the unit were made such as installing nurse workstations outside the patient’s room to allow for documentation, and placing items needed closer to patient rooms to decrease the amount of time spent on looking for supplies. By implementing these small changes falls rate on the unit decreased from 2. 7 to 2. 5, restraint rate decreased to three percent, and the pressure ulcer rate is 0. percent (Popkin, 2007). In another study conducted by Lorenz, Greenhouse, Miller, Wisnewski, amp; Frank (2008), decreasing wait times and increasing the amount of time a nurse is interacting with patient improved their patient satisfaction scores by thirty percentiles in five months. Also by streamlining area flow and efficiencies, treatments for patients were more available, such as increasing the supply of onsite platelets, which decreased the wait time for treatment by fifty minutes (Lorenz et al, 2008). Labeling blood tubes to flag the laboratory staff of results needed before treatment was also implemented. Turnaround times for results decreased from fifty-four minutes to nineteen minutes on creatinine results, and forty-seven minutes to seventeen minutes for complete blood counts (CBC) results (Lorenz et al, 2008). Improving every day flow of treatment, and reorganizing supply areas for easier use, nurses can spend more time with patients decreasing injuries sustained in the hospital such as falls or pressure ulcers, thereby empowering the ethical principle of beneficence for patients and increasing patient satisfaction and trust within the healthcare field. Conclusions and Implications The TCAB model is the foundation for staff to generate ideas for health care delivery improvement; create and implement changes through pilot tests; assess the results of change; determine whether to adopt or abandon the tests of change; and participate in ongoing assessment of changes and reports of improvement (Lorenz et al, 2008). The TCAB model itself is easy to implement; and also encourages and requires the involvement of health care staff members to provide increased satisfaction among the patients and their families, thereby improving patient care outcomes throughout the process (Lorenz et al, 2008). Organizational leaders have to adopt effective strategies in order to spread the ideas and successful changes with the TCAB model from pilot unit studies to other sites within a hospital or health care system. Utilizing resources to assist in sustaining and supporting the TCAB model provided by the RWJF and IHI is the first step in implementing the TCAB initiatives. Through TCAB, a movement has begun to transform the care delivered on medical surgical units that better serve the patients and staff to support the professional nursing practice and collaborative teamwork at the bedside (Rutherford et al, 2009). The nursing role is vital in the TCAB model, as well as for patients. Nurses are at the front lines of patient care and are often the person patients interact with the most. Using the TCAB model promotes the nursing role by addressing the changes that are being brought forth by nurses to increase bedside care, safety, health and well being of patients. In doing so, the risk of developing a prevalent geriatric related condition such as dementia, pressure ulcers, and urinary incontinence, is decreased and nursing quality care is increased (Arora et al. , 2007). Nurses applying the ethical principles of patient autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence help patients increase their level of satisfaction and involvement with their healthcare, and more importantly, increase trust in the healthcare team providing that care.